5 Tense We Frequently Use

1).Understanding Simple present tense in language english + Example verbal and Nominal

1.1 Simple Present Tense

It is a form of the verb most commonly used in the English language, which is used to reveal the factual events and habitual, general or not general, instructs, or plan of schedule.

 Verbal Sentence:

(+) S + V I + (S/ES)

(-) S + DO/DOES + NOT + V I

(?) DO/DOES + S + V I

Example:

1.   (+) Father reads a news paper

(- ) Father doesn’t read a news paper

(?) Does father read a news paper?

Yes, he does/ No he doesn’t

2.  (+) Mother cooks rice

(- ) Mother doesn’t cook rice

(?) Does mother cook rice?

Yes, she doesn’t/No she doesn’t

3.  (+) I and my mother make a cake

(- ) I and my mother do not make a cake

(?) Do I and my mother make a cake?

Yes we do/No we don’t

4.  (+) He studies English on Monday

(- ) He doesn’t study English on Monday

(?) Does he study English on Monday?

Yes, he does/No, he doesn’t

5.  (+) she washes the car on Sunday

(- ) She doesn’t wash the car on Sunday

(?) Does she wash the car on Sunday?

Yes, she does/No, she doesn’t

 Nominal sentence:

      (+) S+BE I+ (NOUN, ADJ , ADV)

(-) S+BE I+NOT+ (NOUN,ADJ, ADV)

(+) BE I+S+NOT+ (NOUN,ADJ,ADV)

Example:

1.   (+) they are students

(-) they are not students

(?) Are they students?

Yes, they are/No, they are not

2.  (+) she is beautiful

(-) she is not beautiful

(?) Is she beautiful?

Yes, she is/No, she isn’t

3. (+) He is diligent student

(-) He is not diligent student

(?) Is she diligent student?

Yes, he is/No, he isn’t

4. (+) my father is at home

(-) my father is not at home

(?) Is your father at home?

Yes, he is not/No, he isn’t

5. (+) they are doctor

(-) They are not doctor

(?) Are they doctor?

Yes, they are/No, they are

2).Understanding Past tense in language english + Example verbal and Nominal

1.2 Past tense

          Simple past tense is, to declare an act / event that happened in the past / make enormous time has passed and in the know.

Nominal sentence

        (+) S+BE II+ (WAS/WERE)

        (-) S+BE II+ NOT+ (WAS/WERE)

        (?) BE II+ S + (WAS/WERE)

Example

1.     (+) I was very thirsty just now

        (-) I wasn’t very thirsty just now

        (?) Were you very thirsty just now?

                        Yes, I was/No, I wasn’t

2.     (+) I was hungry this morning

        (-) I wasn’t hungry this morning

        (?) Were you hungry this morning?

                        Yes, I was/No, I wasn’t

3      (+) she was a shy girl

        (-) she wasn’t a shy girl

        (?) Were she was a shy girl?

                        Yes, she was/No, she wasn’t

4      (+) they was in Australia

        (-) They wasn’t in Australia

        (+) Were they was in Australia?

                        Yes, they was/No, they wasn’t

5.     (+) Budi was a careless boy

        (-) Budi wasn’t a careless boy

        (?) Were budi was a careless boy?

                        Yes, he was/No, he wasn’t

Verbal Sentence

        (+) S+V II

        (-) S+DID NOT+V I

        (?) DID+S+V I

Example

1.     (+) I cleaned my car on Monday

        (-) I did not clean my car on Monday

        (?) Did you clean your car on Monday?

                        Yes, I did/No, I didn’t

2.     (+) she played chess on Sunday

        (-) She did not play chess on Sunday

        (?) Did she play chess on Sunday?

                        Yes, she did/No, she didn’t

3.     (+) I cleaned my bathroom on Saturday

        (-) I did not clean my bathroom on Saturday

        (?) Did you clean your bathroom on Saturday?

                        Yes, I did/No, I didn’t

4.     (+) He played football on Friday

        (-) He did not play football on Friday

        (?) Did he play football on Friday?

                        Yes, he did/No, he didn’t

5.     (+) we cooked fried rice on Monday

        (-) We did not cook fried rice on Monday

        (?) Did we cook fried rice on Sunday?

                        Yes, we did,/No, we didn’t

3).Understandig Present Countious in language English + Example Verbal and Nominal

 Present Continuous Tense

            Continuous present a form stating the time of an event or on going event and finished in the present.

Verbal sentence:

            (+) S+BE I+V ING

            (-) S+BE I+NOT+V ING

            (?) BE I+S+V ING

Example:

1. (+) Father is talking on the phone at present

         (-) Father isn’t talking on the phone at present

         (?) Is father talking on the phone at present?

                        Yes, he is/No, he isn.t

    2.  (+) Aim reading English book now

         (-) Aim not reading English book now

         (?) Are you reading book now?

                        Yes, Aim/No, Aim not

   3.   (+) Dennis is repairing a car at the present

          (-) Dennis isn’t repairing a car at the present

          (?) Is Dennis repairing a car at present?

                        Yes, he is/No, he isn’t

    4.  (+) Mr. Andy is typing a report at this moment

         (-) Mr. Andy isn’t typing report at this moment

         (?) Is Mr. Andy typing a car at this moment?

                        Yes, he is/No, he isn’t

   5.   (+) Nina is watching TV in the morning

         (-) Nina isn’t watching TV in the morning

         (?) Is Nina watching TV in the morning?

                        Yes, she is/No, she isn’t

 Nominal sentence:

            (+) S+BE I+ (NOUN, ADJ, ADV)

            (-) S+BE I+NOT+ (NOUN, ADJ, ADV)

            (?) BE I+S+ (NOUN, ADJ, ADV)

Example:

1. (+) I am happy now

         (-) I am not happy now

         (?) Are you happy now?

                        Yes, I am are/No, I am aren’t

   2.  (+) He is very sad at present

        (-) He isn’t sad at present

        (?) Isn’t he sad at present?

                        Yes, he is/No, he isn’t

   3.  (+) Fitri and elvi are just kidding now

         (-) Fitri and elvi aren’t just kidding now

        (?) Are they just kidding now?

                        Yes, they are/No, they aren.t

   4.  (+) I am very tired today

        (-) I am not very tired today

        (?) Are you very tired today?

                        Yes, I am are/No, I am aren’t

   5. (+) I am cry now

       (-) I am not cry now

      (?) Are I am cry now?

                        Yes, I am/No, I am not 

4).Simple future tense

Functions of the simple future tense

The simple future refers to a time later than now, and expresses facts or certainty. In this case there is no 'attitude'.

The simple future is used:

• To predict a future event:
  It will rain tomorrow.
• With I or We, to express a spontaneous decision:
  I'll pay for the tickets by credit card.
• To express willingness: I'll do the washing-up.
  He'll carry your bag for you.
• In the negative form, to express unwillingness:
  The baby won't eat his soup.
  I won't leave until I've seen the manager!
• With I in the interrogative form using "shall", to make an offer:
  Shall I open the window?
• With we in the interrogative form using "shall", to make a suggestion:
  Shall we go to the cinema tonight?
• With I in the interrogative form using "shall", to ask for advice or instructions:
  What shall I tell the boss about this money?
• With you, to give orders:
  You will do exactly as I say.
• With you in the interrogative form, to give an invitation:
  Will you come to the dance with me?
  Will you marry me?

Note:In modern English will is preferred to shall. Shall is mainly used with I and we to make an offer or suggestion, or to ask for advice (see examples above). With the other persons (you, he, she, they) shall is only used in literary or poetic situations, e.g. "With rings on her fingers and bells on her toes, She shall have music wherever she goes."

Forming the simple future

The simple future tense is composed of two parts: will / shall + the infinitive without to

Subject	will	infinitive without to
Affirmative
I	will	go
I	shall	go
Negative
They	will not	see
They	won't	see
Interrogative
Will	she	ask?
Interrogative negative
Won't	they	try?

Contractions

I will = I'll
We will = we'll
You will = you'll
He will = he'll
She will = she'll
They will = they'll
Will not = won't

The form "it will" is not normally shortened.

To see: Simple future tense

Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative	Interrogative Negative
I will see	I won't see	Will I see?	Won't I see?
*I shall see		*Shall I see?
You will see	You won't see	Will you see?	Won't you see?
He will see	He won't see	Will he see?	Won't he see?
We will see	We won't see	Will we see?	Won't we see?
*We shall see		*Shall we see?
They will see	They won't see	Will they see?	Won't they see?

*Shall is dated, but it is still commonly used instead of "will" with the affirmative or interrogative forms of I and we in certain cases (see above).

5).Understanding Present Perfect Tense in language English + Example verbal and Nominal

 Present Perfect Tense

            This tense is used to declare that a betake work completed at the time the sentence is made or past events that have to do with now.

Verbal sentence:

        (+) S+HAVE/HAS+V III

        (-) S+HAVE/HAS NOT+V III

        (?) S+HAVE/HAS+S+V III?

Example:

1.     (+) we have lived here for 4 years

        (-) We haven’t lived here for 4 years

        (?) Have we lived here for 4 years?

                        Yes, we have/No, we haven’t

2.     (+) I have studied biology for several minute ago

        (-) I haven’t studied biology for several minute ago

        (?) Have you studied biology for several minute ago?

                        Yes, I have/No, I haven’t

3.     (+) I have cleaned my bedroom for several minute

        (-) I have cleaned my bedroom for several minute

        (?) Have you cleaned your bedroom for several minute?

                        Yes, I have/No, haven’t

4.     (+) He has readied a book for four minute

        (-) He hasn’t readied a book for four minute

        (?) Has he readied a book for four minute?

                        Yes, he has/No, he hasn’t

5.     (+) she has adjusted television

        (-) She has not adjusted television

        (?) Has she adjusted television?

                        Yes, she has/No, she hasn’t

 Nominal sentence:

        (+) S+HAVE/HAS+BEEN+(NOUN,ADJ,ADV)

        (-) S+HAVE/HAS+NOT+BEEN+(NOUN,ADJ,ADV)

        (?) HVE/HAS+S+BEEN+(NOUN,ADJ,ADV)

Example:

1.     (+) she has been beautiful since she was child

        (-) She has not been beautiful since she was child

        (?) Has she beautiful since she was child?

                        Yes, she has/No, she hasn’t

2.     (+) He has been healthy since a week ago

        (-) He hasn’t been healthy since a week ago

        (?) Has he been healthy since a week ago?

                        Yes, he has/No, he hasn’t

3.     (+) she has written the letter

        (-) She hasn’t written the letter

        (?) Has she written the letter?

                        Yes, she has/No, she hasn’t

4.     (+) she has been fat since she was child

        (-) she has not been fat since she was child

        (?) Has she been fat since she was child?

                        Yes, she has/No, she hasn’t

5.     (+) I have been a doctor for 15 years

        (-) I haven’t been a doctor for 15 years

        (?) Have you been a doctor for 15 years?

                        Yes, I have/No, I haven’t